Solar PV
Solar PV(Photovoltaic):- cells which convert sun energy into electrical
energy. A process in which solar cell generate voltage and electric current
through sun light is called photovoltaic effect. These cells are wired together
to form a module also known as Photovoltaic solar panel. A single Photovoltaic device is called cell. A single photovoltaic
cell produce 1 or 2 watts of power to get better power output they are
connected in chains to form larger unit which is called panel or module. Module
can be used as singly or more than two
can be connected to form arrays. arrays is then connected to the electrical
grid. PV cells come in many sizes and shapes. Solar cell has very fine
thickness. Photovoltaic arrays are just
one part of a PV system. it involves rising arrangement
that point modules toward the sun, along
with the components that take the DC generate
by arrays and convert it to the alternating current.
PV cells can be made
from various semi-conductor materials , The most commonly used material is silicon.
Types of solar panels :-
- Polycrystalline Solar Panels (p-Si)
- Monocrystalline Solar Panels (Mono-SI)
- Thin-Film: Amorphous Silicon Solar Panels (A-SI)
- Copper Indium Gallium Selenide (CIGS)
- Biohybrid Solar Cell
- Cadmium Telluride Solar Cell (CdTe)
- Concentrated PV Cell (CVP)
PV(Photovoltaic)
systems can be categorized by various parts:-
1.
Stand
alone systems
2.
grid-connected Photovoltaic system
3.
Rack mounted Photovoltaic system
4.
fixed-tilt Photovoltaic systems
5.
rooftop Photovoltaic systems
6.
ground-mounted
systems Photovoltaic
Largest
photovoltaic power station in the world :-
NAME
|
Country
|
Capacity MW
|
Tengger Desert Solar Park
|
china
|
1,547
|
Kurnool Ultra Mega Solar Park
|
India
|
1,000
|
Datong Solar Power Top Runner Base
|
china
|
1,000
|
Longyangxia Dam Solar Park
|
china
|
850
|
Rewa Ultra Mega Solar
|
India
|
750
|
Bhadla Solar Park
|
India
|
746
|
Kamuthi Solar Power Project
|
India
|
648
|
Pavagada Solar Park
|
India
|
600
|
Solar Star (I and II)
|
United
States
|
579
|
Topaz Solar Farm
|
United
States
|
550
|
Advantages of solar PV
:-
1.
Environment friendly
2.
Solar energy can be made available almost
anywhere
3.
Residential solar modules are easy to install on rooftops or on the
ground
4.
PV modules have no mechanically moving parts
except sun tracking mechanically based and also Low Maintenance Costs
5.
Solar panels cost is fastly reducing
6.
Reduce electricity bills
Disadvantages of solar PV:-
1.
Low efficiency
level
2.
It needs additional component to convert dc to
ac
3. On
continuous
electric supply on grid connection it require inverter as well as batteries, which
increasing investment cost of PV modules.
4. Solar energy depends upon weather condition
5. Need a lot of space
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